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Fremantle
Fremantle is a major Australian port city in Western Australia, located at the mouth of the Swan River. Fremantle Harbour serves as the port of Perth, the state capital. Fremantle was the first area settled by the Swan River colonists in 1829. It was declared a city in 1929, and has a population of approximately 27,000.
The city is named after Captain Charles Fremantle, the English naval officer who had pronounced possession of Western Australia and who established a camp at the site. The city contains well-preserved 19th century buildings and other heritage features. The Western Australian vernacular diminutive for Fremantle is Freo.〔Australians generally favour the pronunciation "FREE-mantle" over its English antecedent "Fre-MAN-tle". However, the stress commonly reverts to the second syllable in phonetic compounds such as 'North Fre-MAN-tle', 'South Fre-MAN-tle', etc. "Freo" is pronounced FREE-oh.〕 The Nyungar name for the area is Walyallup.
== Geography ==
Fremantle lies on a series of limestone hills known by the Nyungar people as ''Booyeembara''; the sandplain to the east is ''Gardoo''.〔Lyon, R. M., ''A Glance at the Manners and Languages of the Aboriginal Inhabitants of Western Australia'', 1833; published in Green 1979 (below).〕〔Green, N. (ed.) ''Nyungar: The People'', Creative Research Publishing, Mount Lawley College, Perth, 1979〕 The original vegetation of the area was mainly ''Xanthorrhoea'' and eucalyptus trees, which were traditionally fired annually by the Aboriginal people.
Fremantle is the end of the Fremantle railway line which runs from Perth to Fremantle, run by the Western Australia's Public Transport Authority. Major highways including Stirling Highway, Canning Highway and Leach Highway have Fremantle as their start point and/or terminus.
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